Statistics on the Gemini space

This page presents some statistics on the current state of the Gemini space. It has been updated on 2026-04-25 03:04:01Z.

It cannot claim to represent the entire space. The real number of URIs is certainly higher. There are several reasons why many URIs are not in the database:

the capsule may forbid retrieval, through robots.txt,
we do not know all the URIs and some cannot be found from the ones we know,
Lupa has a maximum number of URIs per capsule, to save resources (currently 10000).

On this page, "working" means there was a successful connection recently. "recently" means "less than 31 days". "Dead" URLs and capsules are removed after 46 days and no longer appear in any statistics.

Currently, our database includes 1,029,248 URIs, 869,965 of them having been checked successfully (status code 20) and recently. Among the recently accessed, 732,852 URIs serve a Gemini content.

Resources

The average size of the resources is 34,487 bytes.

Quantiles

10% of the resources are 16 bytes or less,
20% of the resources are 234 bytes or less,
30% of the resources are 519 bytes or less,
40% of the resources are 934 bytes or less,
50% of the resources are 1,369 bytes or less, MEDIAN
60% of the resources are 2,300 bytes or less,
70% of the resources are 4,106 bytes or less,
80% of the resources are 7,789 bytes or less,
90% of the resources are 36,616 bytes or less,
100% of the resources are 4,156,230 bytes or less.

# Quantiles only for Gemini pages

10% of the resources are 16 bytes or less,
20% of the resources are 161 bytes or less,
30% of the resources are 379 bytes or less,
40% of the resources are 709 bytes or less,
50% of the resources are 1,088 bytes or less, MEDIAN
60% of the resources are 1,445 bytes or less,
70% of the resources are 2,422 bytes or less,
80% of the resources are 4,106 bytes or less,
90% of the resources are 7,150 bytes or less,
100% of the resources are 4,156,230 bytes or less.

Ranges

Less than 10 bytes: 7107 URLs (0.82 %)
10 to 100 bytes: 119650 URLs (13.8 %)
100 to 1000 bytes: 231327 URLs (26.6 %)
1 to 10 kbytes: 356689 URLs (41.0 %)
10 to 100 kbytes: 97630 URLs (11.2 %)
100 to 1000 kbytes: 47484 URLs (5.5 %)
More than 1000 kbytes: 10078 URLs (1.16 %)

Most common media (MIME) types

text/gemini: 732,851 URLs
image/jpeg: 45,703 URLs
image/png: 36,206 URLs
text/plain: 22,600 URLs
application/octet-stream: 13,855 URLs
application/pdf: 3,228 URLs
image/gif: 2,337 URLs
application/zip: 1,880 URLs
audio/mpeg: 1,640 URLs
text/html: 1,484 URLs
text/markdown: 733 URLs
octet/stream: 725 URLs
audio/wav: 650 URLs
image/webp: 597 URLs
audio/ogg: 591 URLs
application/atom+xml: 569 URLs
application/json: 553 URLs
text/xml: 480 URLs
application/x-7z-compressed: 344 URLs
application/pgp-signature: 335 URLs

Most common languages

en: 541,101 URLs
Unspecified: 304,366 URLs
de: 10,340 URLs
it: 7,190 URLs
fr: 2,580 URLs
es: 1,346 URLs
es_ar: 1,266 URLs
ru: 541 URLs
en_au: 254 URLs
sv: 136 URLs
sgs: 99 URLs
gl: 62 URLs
he: 60 URLs
ko: 59 URLs
fi: 48 URLs
fr,it: 47 URLs
eo,ldn: 46 URLs
ro: 44 URLs
pl_pl: 44 URLs
zh: 43 URLs

Most common encodings ("charsets") for all files

(Remember there exists testing capsules, with very exotic encodings, so don't be surprised by some strange ones.)

Unspecified: 795,298 URLs
utf-8: 74,515 URLs
us-ascii: 83 URLs
binary: 62 URLs
iso-8859-1: 5 URLs
gzip: 1 URLs

Most common encodings for gemtext files only

Unspecified: 665,914 URLs
utf-8: 66,923 URLs
us-ascii: 9 URLs
iso-8859-1: 5 URLs

By the way, 1,256 of recently tested URLs (0.127 %) have a wrong encoding (it does not match the actual content).

Status codes

(Remember there are test capsules with funny status codes, to exercice Gemini clients.)

20 (Success): 869,964 occurrences (91.30 %)
51 (Not found): 64,157 occurrences (6.73 %)
40 (Temporary failure): 10,369 occurrences (1.09 %)
10 (Input request): 3,045 occurrences (0.32 %)
60 (Client certificate request): 2,304 occurrences (0.24 %)
52 (Gone with the wind): 1,365 occurrences (0.14 %)
30 (Temporary redirect): 1,087 occurrences (0.11 %)
53 (Proxy request refused): 182 occurrences (0.02 %)
31 (Permanent redirect): 129 occurrences (0.01 %)
50 (Permanent failure): 68 occurrences (0.01 %)
42 (CGI error): 66 occurrences (0.01 %)
59 (Bad request): 64 occurrences (0.01 %)

Links

(We count only backlinks from external capsules, and at most one link per capsule. Also, we exclude links from capsules like search engines or directories.)

Maximum number of incoming links: 443

Average number of incoming links: 0.24

Capsules

There are 4725 capsules. We successfully connected recently to 3406 of them.

Most common capsules by number of working URLs

We have a limit of 10000 URLs per capsule.

gemini.tuxmachines.org: 10000 URLs
dvd.flounder.online: 10000 URLs
gemini.techrights.org: 9999 URLs
gemini.oxydable.fr: 9999 URLs
federal.cx: 9998 URLs
git.skyjake.fi: 9997 URLs
gemlog.stargrave.org: 9996 URLs
fumble-around.mediocregopher.com: 9994 URLs
caiofior.pollux.casa: 9986 URLs
mirrors.apple2.org.za: 9985 URLs
gemini.autonomy.earth: 9981 URLs
gmi.noulin.net: 9964 URLs
library.inu.red: 9948 URLs
bbs.geminispace.org: 9897 URLs
gemlog.blue: 9892 URLs
g.619.hu: 9868 URLs
gemini.conman.org: 9846 URLs
gemi.dev: 9817 URLs
ecs.d2evs.net: 9750 URLs
gem.snork.ca: 9652 URLs

Most common capsules by number of bytes in working URLs

We have a limit of bytes per URL.

Not properly documented yet

mirrors.apple2.org.za: 2452.7 megabytes
higeki.jp: 1857.5 megabytes
gem.librehacker.com: 1047.4 megabytes
librehacker.com: 961.3 megabytes
dfdn.info: 771.6 megabytes
gael.mooo.com: 756.7 megabytes
going-flying.com: 522.4 megabytes
gemini.tcrouzet.com: 430.9 megabytes
ecs.d2evs.net: 351.9 megabytes
blitter.com: 295.9 megabytes
library.inu.red: 282.1 megabytes
gemi.dev: 255.4 megabytes
gem.ortie.org: 228.6 megabytes
gemini.techrights.org: 174.5 megabytes
gem.sdf.org: 167.0 megabytes
gemini.circumlunar.space: 165.6 megabytes
mirror.isekai.rocks: 163.6 megabytes
mirror.isekairainnqfe6udk4g5shfcvnsblrmsumjabae6m2gfhagbczsbuyd.onion: 161.1 megabytes
coredump.ch: 157.1 megabytes
158.nu: 153.9 megabytes
gem.snork.ca: 149.4 megabytes

All working capsules:

As a text file

As a gemtext, with links

Certificates

3091 (90.8 %) capsules are self-signed, 4 (0.1 %) use the Certificate Authority Let's Encrypt, 311 (9.1 %) are signed by another CA (may be not a trusted one).

72 capsules (2.16 %) have an expired certificate.

Algorithms:

ecdsa-with-SHA256: 2120 capsules
sha256WithRSAEncryption: 1095 capsules
ecdsa-with-SHA384: 100 capsules
ED25519: 27 capsules
ecdsa-with-SHA512: 2 capsules
sha384WithRSAEncryption: 2 capsules
sha512WithRSAEncryption: 1 capsules

Key types:

ECDSA: 2222 capsules
RSA: 1098 capsules
ED25519: 27 capsules

Key sizes for RSA:

2048: 820 capsules
4096: 275 capsules
3072: 2 capsules
1024: 1 capsules

Key sizes for ECDSA:

256: 2153 capsules
384: 69 capsules

TLS

99 % of the capsules use TLS 1.3, 1 % use TLS 1.2.

robots.txt

314 (9 %) the capsules have a robots.txt exclusion file.

Ports

21 working capsules (0.6 %) use an alternative port

Addresses

774 IP addresses used. 19 % are IPv6.

# Addresses with most virtual hosts

173.230.145.243: 1142 vhosts
72.65.51.74: 573 vhosts
213.219.38.200: 341 vhosts
46.23.81.157: 139 vhosts
2a03:6000:1813:1337::157: 121 vhosts
86.194.163.71: 46 vhosts
109.237.26.252: 36 vhosts
45.56.93.217: 21 vhosts
172.236.4.52: 19 vhosts
128.140.115.191: 16 vhosts
143.244.176.58: 12 vhosts
2604:a880:4:1d0::4e1:3000: 12 vhosts
159.195.32.132: 10 vhosts
2a03:6000:6f67:624::99: 9 vhosts
23.88.35.144: 9 vhosts
2a01:4f8:c17:20f1::42: 9 vhosts
46.23.94.99: 9 vhosts
64.226.23.78: 8 vhosts
2001:8b0:1d97:eeca:3da5:94ce:b61e:ee69: 8 vhosts
143.244.212.63: 8 vhosts

TLDs

There are 244 TLDs in the capsule's names, and 2073 registered domains.

Most common TLDs

# By number of registered domains

com: 323 domains
net: 193 domains
org: 167 domains
xyz: 150 domains
space: 93 domains
site: 72 domains
de: 62 domains
dev: 60 domains
me: 58 domains
eu: 36 domains
uk: 33 domains
fr: 30 domains
info: 29 domains
io: 27 domains
club: 24 domains
onion: 20 domains
se: 17 domains
ca: 17 domains
ch: 16 domains
cc: 16 domains

# By number of capsules

(There's a strong bias towards TLDs which have hosting services such as flounder.online, which has many capsules in subdomains. See before the TLDs per registered domains, which are probably more useful.)