Qemu - Installation of Qemu && Virt-manager && Virt-Viewer && Samba

for host Artix/runit and guest Windows 7

Written by Wim Stockman - on 10 December 2023

Introduction

• This is a small explanation how to setup a Qemu VM with bridge connection.

So you are able to talk from Host to Guest and vice versa.

• Setting up an SMB service for sharing files with the Win7
• Make the server discoverable with wsdd2
• and show the possibility of also using the good old NFS file sharing

between linux and Windows7

Install of the required package

- We need to install the packages:

	pacman -S \
	qemu-full \
	libvirt-runit \
	libvirt \
	virt-manager \
	virt-viewer \
	samba \
	samba-runit \
	nfs-utils \
	nfs-utils-runit

wsdd2 -> this is an aur package I use yay to install it

Setup the services

add your user to the libvirt group

sudo usermod -aG libvirt

enable the services

ln -s /etc/runit/sv/libvirtd /run/runit/service

ln -s /etc/runit/sv/libvirtlogd /run/runit/service

ln -s /etc/runit/sv/smbd /run/runit/service

Configure Samba

edit the file: /etc/samba/smb.conf

this is the minimum that should be in your smb.conf:

[global]
        netbios name = $YOUR_PC_NAME
        workgroup = WORKGROUP

[qemu-shared]
        path = /home/$USERNAME/qemu-shared
        browsable = yes
        read only = no

this will create a shared writable folder for user with credentials

So we need to make a credentials.

smbpasswd

Create a password for your user.

So know you can login from windows with your username and the just set password.

Don't forget to reload your samba service

sv restart smbd

Setup bridge network connection

I want go into detail but this is what commands you need for it:

modprobe tun tap && \
ip link add br0 type bridge && \
ip tuntap add dev tap0 mode tap && \
ip link set dev eth0 master br0 && \
ip link set dev tap0 master br0 && \
ip link set dev br0 up && \
ip link set dev eth0 master br0 && \
ip address delete 10.0.0.31/24 dev eth0 && \
ip address add 10.0.0.100/24 dev br0 && \
ip route add default via 10.0.0.1 dev br0

Here we created a bridge connector br0

were tap0 is connected to the bridge and the bridge is connected to our physical network eth0

a good video about it you can find on youtube

or download from here:

Create our VM in Virt-manager.

Create a new VM add what you want but:

There is one thing special.

in the NIC section choose

br0 as bridge adapter and your good to go.

Start your VM from the cli

virsh -c qemu:///system start win7

Connect to your VM from cli

virt-viewer --connect qemu:///system win7

Everything in a script: startmyVM.sh

#!/bin/bash
sudo ./qemu-bridge-script.sh
sudo sv start smbd && \
sudo sv start virtlogd && \
sudo sv start libvirtd && \
virsh -c qemu:///system start win7 
virt-viewer --connect qemu:///system win7 && \
sudo sv stop smbd
sudo sv stop virtlogd
sudo sv stop libvirtd

# Here is the qemu-bridge-script.sh

#!/bin/bash
modprobe tun tap && \
ip link add br0 type bridge && \
ip tuntap add dev tap0 mode tap && \
ip link set dev eth0 master br0 && \
ip link set dev tap0 master br0 && \
ip link set dev br0 up && \
ip link set dev eth0 master br0 && \
ip address delete 10.0.0.31/24 dev eth0 && \
ip address add 10.0.0.100/24 dev br0 && \
ip route add default via 10.0.0.1 dev br0 

I like to keep all the services just started when I need them.

That's why I stop them on exit of my Virt-Viewer.

In runit if you don't want to start some services on startup

you need to create a file down.

touch /run/runit/service/$yourservice/down

So we do this for Samba,virtlogd and libvirt

touch /run/runit/service/smbd/down

touch /run/runit/service/virtlogd/down

touch /run/runit/service/libvirtd/down

Setup of Wsdd2 Discovery/Name Service Daemon

if you want to be able to discover your host computer on the windows machine you also need to enabel wsdd2

Since this is an AURpackage we need to make our own runit file.

Create a directory wsdd2 in the folder:

sudo mkdir /etc/runit/sv/wsdd2

• create a file: "run" in the wsdd2 directory we just created
• Add this content:

#!/bin/sh
[ ! -d /run/wsdd2 ] && mkdir -p /run/wsdd2
exec wsdd2

• create inside the wsdd2 directory 2 more directories

mkdir log

mkdir supervise

• link our service

ln -s /etc/runit/sv/wsdd2 /run/runit/service

• Do no start it on bootup

touch /run/runit/service/wsdd2/down

• To start it when needed

sv start wsdd2