The Delphic maxims
The 3 main maxims
- .1 Γνῶθι σεαυτόν
Gnothi sauton
Know thyself
- .2 Μηδὲν ἄγαν
meden agan
Nothing in excess
- .3 Ἐγγύα πάρα δ' Ἄτα
eggua para d'atê
Give a pledge (have a strong affirmation) and trouble is at hand
Trouble attends him who affirms anything in strong terms and confidently —interpretation by Diogenes Laërtius
The rest 147 Delphic maxims
- 001 Ἕπου θεῷ
Follow God
- 002 Νόμῳ πείθου
Obey the law
- 003 Θεοὺς σέβου
Worship the Gods
- 004 Γονεῖς αἰδοῦ
Respect your parents
- 005 Ἡττῶ ὑπὸ δικαίου
Yield to justice
- 006 Γνῶθι μαθών
Know what you have learned
- 007 Ἀκούσας νόει
Perceive what you have heard
- 008 Σαυτὸν ἴσθι
Be yourself
- 009 Γαμεῖν μέλλε
Intend to get married
- 010 Καιρὸν γνῶθι
Know your opportunity (critical moment)
- 011 Φρόνει θνητά
Think as a mortal
- 012 Ξένος ὢν ἴσθι
If you are a stranger act like one
- 013 Ἑστίαν τίμα
Honour the hearth (or Hestia)
- 014 Ἄρχε σεαυτοῦ
Control yourself
- 015 Φίλοις βοήθει
Help your friends
- 016 Θυμοῦ κράτει
Control anger
- 017 Φρόνησιν ἄσκει
Exercise prudence
- 018 Πρόνοιαν τίμα
Honour providence
- 019 Ὅρκῳ μὴ χρῶ
Do not use an oath
- 020 Φιλίαν ἀγάπα
Love friendship
- 021 Παιδείας ἀντέχου
Cling to discipline
- 022 Δόξαν δίωκε
Pursue honour
- 023 Σοφίαν ζήλου
Long for wisdom
- 024 Καλὸν εὖ λέγε
Praise the good
- 025 Ψέγε μηδένα
Find fault with no one
- 026 Ἐπαίνει ἀρετήν
Praise virtue
- 027 Πρᾶττε δίκαια
Practice what is just
- 028 Φίλοις εὐνόει
Be kind to your friends
- 029 Ἐχθροὺς ἀμύνου
Watch out for your enemies
- 030 Εὐγένειαν ἄσκει
Exercise nobility of character
- 031 Κακίας ἀπέχου
Shun evil/wickedness/cowardice
- 032 Κοινὸς γίνου
Be impartial/affable/courteous/unbiassed
- 033 Ἴδια φύλαττε
Guard what is yours
- 034 Ἀλλοτρίων ἀπέχου
Shun what belongs to others/what is alien(foreign)
- 035 Ἄκουε πάντα
Listen to everyone
- 036 Εὔφημος ἴσθι
Be (religiously) silent
- 037 Φίλῳ χαρίζου
Do a favour for a friend/show kindness to a friend
- 038 Μηδὲν ἄγαν
Nothing to excess
- 039 Χρόνου φείδου
Use time sparingly
- 040 Ὅρα τὸ μέλλον
Foresee the future
- 041 Ὕβριν μίσει
Despise insolence/hubris
- 042 Ἱκέτας αἰδοῦ
Have respect for suppliants
- 043 Πᾶσιν ἁρμόζου
Be accommodated in everything
- 044 Υἱοὺς παίδευε
Educate your sons
- 045 Ἔχων χαρίζου
When you have, give
- 046 Δόλον φοβοῦ
Fear deceit
- 047 Εὐλόγει πάντας
Speak well of everyone
- 048 Φιλόσοφος γίνου
Be a seeker of wisdom
- 049 Ὅσια κρῖνε
Choose what is divine
- 050 Γνοὺς πρᾶττε
Act when you know
- 051 Φόνου ἀπέχου
Shun murder
- 052 Εὔχου δυνατά
Pray/wish/promise for things possible
- 053 Σοφοῖς χρῶ
Consult the wise
- 054 Ἦθος δοκίμαζε
Test the character
- 055 Λαβὼν ἀπόδος
Give back what you have received
- 056 Ὑφορῶ μηδένα
Down-look no one
- 057 Τέχνῃ χρῶ
Use your skill
- 058 Ὃ μέλλεις, δός
Do what you mean to do / give what you promised
- 059 Εὐεργεσίας τίμα
Honour a benefaction
- 060 Φθόνει μηδενί
Be jealous of no one
- 061 Φυλακῇ πρόσεχε
Be on your guard
- 062 Ἐλπίδα αἴνει
Praise hope
- 063 Διαβολὴν μίσει
Despise slander
- 064 Δικαίως κτῶ
Gain possessions justly
- 065 Ἀγαθοὺς τίμα
Honour good men
- 066 Κριτὴν γνῶθι
Know the judge
- 067 Γάμους κράτει
Master wedding-feasts
- 068 Τύχην νόμιζε
Recognize fortune
- 069 Ἐγγύην φεῦγε
Flee a pledge
- 070 Ἁπλῶς διαλέγου
Speak plainly
- 071 Ὁμοίοις χρῶ
Associate with your peers
- 072 Δαπανῶν ἄρχου
Govern your expenses
- 073 Κτώμενος ἥδου
Be happy with what you have
- 074 Αἰσχύνην σέβου
Revere a sense of shame
- 075 Χάριν ἐκτέλει
Fulfill a favour
- 076 Εὐτυχίαν εὔχου
Pray for happiness
- 077 Τύχην στέργε
Be content with your fortune
- 078 Ἀκούων ὅρα
Observe what you have heard
- 079 Ἐργάζου κτητά
Work for what you can own
- 080 Ἔριν μίσει
Despise strife
- 081 Ὄνειδος ἔχθαιρε
Detest disgrace
- 082 Γλῶτταν ἴσχε
Restrain the tongue
- 083 Ὕβριν ἀμύνου
Keep yourself from insolence
- 084 Κρῖνε δίκαια
Make just judgements
- 085 Χρῶ χρήμασιν
Use what you have
- 086 Ἀδωροδόκητος δίκαζε
Judge incorruptibly
- 087 Αἰτιῶ παρόντα
Accuse someone who is present
- 088 Λέγε εἰδώς
Speak only from expertise
- 089 Βίας μὴ ἔχου
Do not depend on strength/violence
- 090 Ἀλύπως βίου
Live without sorrow
- 091 Ὁμίλει πρᾴως
Live together/socialize meekly
- 092 Πέρας ἐπιτέλει μὴ ἀποδειλιῶν
Finish the race without shrinking back
- 093 Φιλοφρόνει πᾶσιν
Deal kindly with everyone
- 094 Υἱοῖς μὴ καταρῶ
Do not curse your sons
- 095 Γυναικὸς ἄρχε
Rule your wife
- 096 Σεαυτὸν εὖ ποίει
Benefit yourself
- 097 Εὐπροσήγορος γίνου
Be courteous
- 098 Ἀποκρίνου ἐν καιρῷ
Give a timely response
- 099 Πόνει μετ’ εὐκλείας
Struggle with glory
- 100 Πρᾶττε ἀμετανοήτως
Act without repenting
- 101 Ἁμαρτάνων μετανόει
Repent of sins
- 102 Ὀφθαλμοῦ κράτει
Control the eye
- 103 Βουλεύου χρόνῳ
Give a timely counsel
- 104 Πρᾶττε συντόμως
Act quickly
- 105 Φιλίαν φύλαττε
Guard friendship
- 106 Εὐγνώμων γίνου
Be grateful
- 107 Ὁμόνοιαν δίωκε
Pursue harmony
- 108 Ἄρρητον κρύπτε
Keep deeply the top secret
- 109 Τὸ κρατοῦν φοβοῦ
Fear ruling / respect authority
- 110 Τὸ συμφέρον θηρῶ
Pursue what is profitable/beneficial
- 111 Καιρὸν προσδέχου
Accept due measure
- 112 Ἔχθρας διάλυε
Do away with enmities
- 113 Γῆρας προσδέχου
Accept old age
- 114 Ἐπὶ ῥώμῃ μὴ καυχῶ
Do not boast in might
- 115 Εὐφημίαν ἄσκει
Exercise auspicious speech
- 116 Ἀπέχθειαν φεῦγε
Flee enmity
- 117 Πλούτει δικαίως
Acquire wealth justly
- 118 Δόξαν μὴ λεῖπε
Do not abandon honour
- 119 Κακίαν μίσει Despise evil/wickedness
- 120 Κινδύνευε φρονίμως
Venture into danger prudently
- 121 Μανθάνων μὴ κάμνε
Do not tire of learning
- 122 Φειδόμενος μὴ λεῖπε
Do not stop to be thrifty
- 123 Χρησμοὺς θαύμαζε
Admire oracles
- 124 Οὓς τρέφεις, ἀγάπα
Love whom you rear
- 125 Ἀπόντι μὴ μάχου
Do not oppose someone absent
- 126 Πρεσβύτερον αἰδοῦ
Respect an elder
- 127 Νεώτερον δίδασκε
Teach a youngster
- 128 Πλούτῳ ἀπίστει
Do not trust wealth
- 129 Σεαυτὸν αἰδοῦ
Respect yourself
- 130 Μὴ ἄρχε ὑβρίζειν
Do not begin to be insolent
- 131 Προγόνους στεφάνου
Crown your ancestors
- 132 Θνῆσκε ὑπὲρ πατρίδος
Die for your country
- 133 Τῷ βίῳ μὴ ἄχθου
Do not be discontented by life
- 134 Ἐπὶ νεκρῷ μὴ γέλα
Do not make fun of the dead
- 135 Ἀτυχοῦντι συνάχθου
Share the load of the unfortunate
- 136 Χαρίζου ἀβλαβῶς
Gratify without harming
- 137 Μὴ ἐπὶ παντὶ λυποῦ
Don’t be distressed by everything
- 138 Ἐξ εὐγενῶν γέννα
Beget from noble routes
- 139 Ἐπαγγέλλου μηδενί
Make promises to no one
- 140 Φθιμένους μὴ ἀδίκει
Do not wrong the dead
- 141 Εὖ πάσχε ὡς θνητός
Be well off as a mortal
- 142 Τύχῃ μὴ πίστευε
Do not trust fortune
- 143 Παῖς ὢν κόσμιος ἴσθι
As a child be well-behaved
- 144 Ἡβῶν ἐγκρατής
As a youth—self-disciplined
- 145 Μέσος δίκαιος
As of middle-aged—just
- 146 Πρεσβύτης εὔλογος
As an old man—sensible
- 147 Τελευτῶν ἄλυπος
On reaching the end—without sorrow