lsof

Lists open files and the corresponding processes.

Note: Root privileges (or sudo) is required to list files opened by others.

• Find the processes that have a given file open:

lsof {path/to/file}

• Find the process that opened a local internet port:

lsof -i :{port}

• Only output the process ID (PID):

lsof -t {path/to/file}

• List files opened by the given user:

lsof -u {username}

• List files opened by the given command or process:

lsof -c {process_or_command_name}

• List files opened by a specific process, given its PID:

lsof -p {PID}

• List open files in a directory:

lsof +D {path/to/directory}

• Find the process that is listening on a local IPv6 TCP port and don't convert network or port numbers:

lsof -i6TCP:{port} -sTCP:LISTEN -n -P

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