history expansion

Reuse and expand the shell history in `sh`, `bash`, `zsh`, `rbash` and `ksh`.

• Run the previous command as root (`!!` is replaced by the previous command):

sudo !!

• Run a command with the last argument of the previous command:

{command} !$

• Run a command with the first argument of the previous command:

{command} !^

• Run the Nth command of the history:

!{n}

• Run the command `n` lines back in the history:

!-{n}

• Run the most recent command containing `string`:

!?{string}?

• Run the previous command, replacing `string1` with `string2`:

^{string1}^{string2}^

• Perform a history expansion, but print the command that would be run instead of actually running it:

{!-n}:p

Copyright © 2014—present the tldr-pages team and contributors.

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY).